The Millennium Dome †a Report - Free Essay Example

The Millennium Dome – a Report Introduction This Report traces the history of the London Millennium from its origins as a signature statement with which England proposed to enter the 21st century, through the controversies that dogged its construction, financing, opening and operations during the year 2000, to its re-birth as the O2 entertainment complex in 2007. The central conclusion that is supported by the Report is that less than three years into its 1997 renaissance as a London entertainment destination, the controversy and the apparent mismanagement of numerous aspects of the Millennium Domes operations have been successfully cast aside. The negative public image that was the subject of numerous media and academic commentaries concerning the Dome operations have been overcome by the generally positive reviews enjoyed by the O2 venue. The Report is constructed upon the following framework. The initial portion of the Report reviews the history of the Millennium Dome project and the significant controversies that were generated at every stage of its existence through the conclusion on the millennial celebrations in 2000. The ‘rebranding of the Dome as the O2 entertainment complex is also considered and discussed. In this context an unscientific but topical poll result that suggests a significantly favourable public opinion of the O2 facility is also evaluated. A sampling of nine perspectives taken from various published sources concerning the Millennium Dome / O2 complex is provided in the Report. The sources referenced are intended as a representative sample as opposed to an exhaustive listing of the available commentaries; the published academic opinions concerning the controversies encountered by the Dome operators prior to the opening of the facility alone exceed twenty in number. The literature surv ey is used to provide a critical assessment of the costs, benefits and risks attendant to the Dome project. This Report concludes with the observation that a difficult birth and troubled adolescence have given way to a mature London facility that will be an economically viable and culturally desirable venue for the future. The Origins and Birth of the Millennium Dome The Millennium Dome project enjoys the distinction of having been conceived under a Conservative government and raised to its full extent by New Labour. It is submitted that no matter what political perspective is taken on the entire process, there was at all times a genuine political will to make a unique British statement about the country and its attitude towards the approaching millennium (McGuigan, 2004; Myddleton, 2006). The Dome is located on the edge of the Prime Meridian. The architecture is both imposing and unique; often described as ‘iconic in appearance, the Dome has a 80,000 m2 glass fibre surface coated with polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) that renders it one of the few man-made structures that is sufficiently large that it may be observed from space (Sinclair, 1999; Roche, 2000; Myddleton, 74-90) A chief difficulty that plagued the Dome concept and project from the outset was the failure of the government generally to solicit grounded, objective, and prope rly developed costing estimates for the project construction. These errors were compounded when the focus switched from how the building would look upon completion to the actual day to day operation of the facility during the millennial year, and what would happen to the structure once the millennium had passed (Sinclair, 10; Myddleton, 74; Nutt, 2002). The original construction cost projections for the entire Dome were pegged at approximately  £300 million. By the time the Dome officially opened on December 31, 1999, the construction and facility costs had risen to over  £600 million. A lightening rod in the ever widening public debate concerning project costs was the use of national lottery revenues to supplement the monies needed to complete the project. The Labour government spent an estimated additional  £175 million to keep the project solvent (Nutt, 3; National Audit, 2004). A particularly trenchant criticism was published by Iain Sinclair just prior to the commen cement of the millennial celebrations in the fall of 1999. Sinclair suggested in a fashion that was subsequently proven to be prescient, that the initial excitement over the Dome and its striking appearance would never justify the amount of public money expended on the project (Sinclair, 1999). Concerns over ticket prices, the quality of the exhibits assembled in the Domes public halls and an opening night ticket fiasco all contributed an image of a facility that was poorly conceived and badly managed. The government based its revenue projections on the Dome for the one year of operations through the millennial celebrations on an estimated 12 million visitors. The actual attendance during 2000 was slightly in excess of 6 million persons; perhaps as few as 4.5 million actually paid a fee approaching the face value of  £25 per person (Nutt, 4). The Dome was largely regarded, both figuratively and in reference to its colour, as a ‘white elephant that symbolised both governme nt mismanagement of a megaproject and a lost opportunity to make a positive difference to the London infrastructure (Myddleton, 80). Two decidedly unglamorous but telling positive public benefits were derived from the Dome construction project. The first was the construction of the North Greenwich Underground station (located on the Jubilee Line). The station represents a permanent addition to Londons Underground network (Roche, 2000). The second is more esoteric but perhaps as important to the study of waste water as the new Tube station was to Londons transportation network. The public authority Thames Water devised its ‘Watercycle project to utilise reclaimed (i.e. waste water) at the site for all non-potable water uses. Thames Water constructed one of the largest ever in-building water recycling schemes in Europe for the Dome, where up to 500 m3 per day of reclaimed water was used to operate toilets and urinals (Hills, Birks McKenzie, 2002, 235). Thames Water made two important determinations in the ‘Watercycle project it could meet 55 percent of the Dome water demand at the Dome with reclaimed water; there was a generally positive response from visitors concerning the use of reclaimed water for non-drinking and bathing uses. The Dome thus made a positive contribution to modern urban planning and water use science (Hills et al, 240) It is plain that money issues and the perception that the Dome was a public works failure continued after the millennium celebrations concluded at the end of 2000. A variety of schemes were proposed for the permanent use of the facility. These included the installation of a full football stadium and supporting commercial uses; a high technology business park and related infrastructure; a hotel and cruise ship port; a large scale casino; an entertainment complex (Myddleton, 81). None was able to generate the critical commercial necessary to move forward until the May 2005 purchase of the site by Anschutz Ente rtainment, who subsequently sold the naming rights to the entire property to telecommunications giant O2. The Anschutz purchase was also controversial. Serious allegations were raised in both the House of Commons and the media that Labour cabinet minister John Prescott had improperly involved himself in the negotiations. The primary suggestion of impropriety centred on Prescotts series of private meetings with the proposed purchaser (who initially sought permission to develop a super-casino), including a trip to the purchasers home in Colorado (Guardian, 2006). Literature review The sample of literature selected in support of this Report is deliberately wide ranging, as an acknowledgement that the problems encountered throughout the history of the Millennium Dome project and its more recent success are not attributable to a single cause or factor. It is submitted that the management of the original Dome project both at the government end and on the ground was flawed. There is an unmistakable sense that both of these stakeholders were caught up in the belief that the buoyant Britain that was riding on the benefits of a relatively robust economy and enhanced international status would embrace the Millennium project and support it unreservedly as a matter of national pride. There were parallels drawn between the national attitudes observed at the time of the 1951 ‘Festival of Britain, an event staged as the country accepted its new post-imperial construction, and the so-called ‘cool Britannia image that was advanced as an appropriate reflection of the new Britain by the government, an image that was said to be furthered by the Dome project (Sinclair, 1999;); McGuigan described the structure and the project as an â€Å"†¦ideological shell for neo-liberalism† (2004, 12) A point that is well made in the academic literature but one that was overlooked in the contemporary criticisms of the project was that visitors generally enjoyed their experiences at the Dome. Hemmington and his colleagues used a large data sampling (880 interviews) to form their conclusion that the Dome visitors surveyed found many positives on which to state their opinions; the commentary stresses again how the Dome management failed to capitalize at the time on the feedback available to them to better publicise the facility (Hemmington et al, 2005, 10). The Myddleton article is particularly insightful in this respect. Myddleton avoids the limitations of political bias and partisan fault finding in his emphasis upon the good intentions t hat inevitably power government mega projects of all kinds. Myddletons review of the Dome project in the larger context of the Channel Tunnel, the British nuclear power programme and the development of the Concorde reveals that mismanagement and poor lines of authority are a far more common cause of mega project failure than any deliberate or willful act on the part of the government promoter of the day (Myddleton, 2006). Nutt, writing from an American perspective, supports this contention. Nutt uses the now infamous Tony Blair pronouncement that the Dome would represent a â€Å"triumph of confidence over cynicism, boldness over blandness† to counterpoint his argument that a series of blunders as opposed to intentional acts doomed the Dome to insolvency (Nutt, 4,5). Cost Benefit analysis and future uses On a strict expenditure basis limited to the site and facilities themselves it is submitted that the Millennium Dome project is difficult to rationalise. The financial experts retained to oversee the liquidation of the project assets noted that it is extremely unusual for a public sector company to be the subject of a winding-up. A lottery grant of  £628 million was used to finance the project; little was realised from the sale of exhibits or supporting aspects of the project (National Audit, 2). Given that the Dome was ultimately sold to a private commercial entity, the argument is there to be made that the public benefit of a one year exhibition to which significant admission fees were charged is not worth the cost. The Underground is an entirely separate expenditure. The controversy and public energy expended in delving into the reasons why the Dome project failed to live up to expectations are the further hidden costs that are never recovered. However, one may also quantif y the benefits of the Dome project over the longer term. It is noteworthy that in addition to the technical / infrastructural benefits noted above, contemporary opinion of the renewed O2 entertainment facility appears to be in line with the visitor experiences measured during the Millennium celebrations. An informal survey of this public opinion is attached at Appendix One of this Report. Ten university undergraduates are not a representative sampling of the public; the fact that none of these persons was likely a taxpayer during the periods of greatest financial controversy concerning the Dome is an important factor. The poll does confirm that the O2 facilities are well regarded (Appendix One). The results noted at Appendix One are confirmed in a contemporary market study (Marketing Week, 2007). It is also observed that the concert acts booked into the O2 arena have tended to be mainstream names that have a resonance with the public. The Appendix One poll gave the venue high mar ks for the quality of the entertainers attracted to the arena; as with the financial controversies during its formative period, the poll respondents would not have followed acts such as Stevie Wonder or Elton John during the prime years of their careers. The facility will also be used to host the basketball and gymnastics competitions in the 2012 Olympic Games. The public monies expended in the Dome construction and maintenance will be recouped to a modest degree through this converted temporary use. Conclusion It may be that an important ultimate legacy of the Millennium Dome and its O2 successor has been to cement the Greenwich area as a primary London entertainment district as the next decade approaches. The public monies spent on the Dome cannot be rationalised very readily into a balance sheet analysis. The ultimate worth of the entire project will be measured by how well the government handles future mega projects, and whether the recurring lessons of accountability and the need for rigorous data supported projections are learned. Bibliography Guardian (Leader) ‘A Hollow man and an Empty Tent The Guardian (July 7, 2006) [online] At: https://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2006/jul/07/politics.labourAccessed August 25, 2009 Hemmington, N., Bowen, D., Wickens, E. and Paraskevas, A. Satisfying the basics: reflections from a consumer perspective of attractions management at the Millennium Dome, London International Journal of Tourism Research, 2005, 10 Hills, S, R Birks and B McKenzie ‘The Millennium Dome Watercycle experiment: to evaluate water efficiency and customer perception at a recycling scheme for 6 million visitors Water Science Technology, 2002: 46(6-7):233-40 Marketing Week ‘Pros and Cons of the O2 entertainment complex, 2007 [online] At: https://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-165797956/analysis-pros-and-cons.htmlAccessed August 25, 2009 McGuigan, James Rethinking Cultural Policy New York: McGraw-Hill, 2004 Myddleton, D. R. They Meant Well: Government Project Disasters Instit ute of Economic Affairs Monographs, Hobart Paper No. 160, 2006 [Online] At: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1021302Accessed August 25, 2009 National Audit Office ‘Winding-up the New Millennium Experience Company Limited, 2004 [online] At: https://www.nao.org.uk/whats_new/0102/0102749.aspxAccessed August 26, 2009 Nutt, Paul C. Why Decisions Fail Chicago: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 2002 Roche, Maurice Mega events and modernity: Olympics and the Expos of growth in global culture London: Routledge, 2000 Sinclair, Iain Sorry Meniscus – Excursions to the Millennium Dome London: Profile Books, 1999 Appendix One An informal study of 10 London undergraduate university students concerning their impressions of the London O2 entertainment complex and arena (formerly the Millennium Dome). The study was conducted August 25, 2009. All respondents were contacted on-line by way of the ‘Facebook social media network. All respondents were between the ages of 18 and 25 years of age. Six respondents were female; four were male. All respondents had personally visited the O2 site since its renaming and launch as an entertainment venue in 2007. Each respondent was asked to place a value of between 1 and 5 (with 1 as the lowest rating and 5 the highest) for each of the following questions concerning their personal opinion sought on each element of the O2 complex. The average score for each question is shown in bold below: 1. How do you rate the ease of transportation access to O2 4.5 2. How do you rate site in terms of ease of movement / accessibility 4.5 3. How do you rate the entertainm ent and the amenities offered at the site (apart from the concerts at the O2 arena) 4.0 4. How do you rate the quality of the concerts and other shows that have been offered to date at the O2 arena 4.25 5. What is your overall impression of the O2 complex 4.2 6. Does the O2 complex add value to London 4.0 The above results are not tendered as scientifically rigorous; the poll as conducted was intended to supplement the analysis set out in the body of the paper.

The Horrors of the Holocaust Essay - 1170 Words

The Horrors of the Holocaust Eighteen million Europeans went through the Nazi concentration camps. Eleven million of them died, almost half of them at Auschwitz alone.1 Concentration camps are a revolting and embarrassing part of the world’s history. There is no doubt that concentration camps are a dark and depressing topic. Despite this, it is a subject that needs to be brought out into the open. The world needs to be educated on the tragedies of the concentration camps to prevent the reoccurrence of the Holocaust. Hitler’s camps imprisoned, tortured, and killed millions of Jews for over five years. Life in the Nazi concentration camps was full of terror and death for its individual prisoners as well as the entire Jewish†¦show more content†¦Even though these two camps had the facilities of the killing centers, execution was not their only purpose. These centers also used the Jews for labor exploitation.6 The eleven concentration camps were created to house la rge numbers of people in a limited, structured, and defined area . . . until they died or were killed.7 Although thousands of camps existed, these were the Big Nineteen. The smaller camps were attached to, allied with, or under the supervision of the Big Nineteen.8 The basic purpose of the camps was to use the Jews for labor and then kill them. There was more to it than that, however. Konnilyn G. Feig describes the purpose of the camps as follows: The system strove to develop from a primitive incarceration project to a vast unprecedented network for the suppression, containment, exploitation, and extermination of millions of people of various nationalities who were designated as enemies of the state or as members of a nonhuman or inferior population.9 Hitler thought of the Jewish population as a worthless society and treated the individuals as worthless creatures. When Hitler came to power, he established the camps for the purpose of isolation, punishing, torturing, and killing Germans suspected of opposition to his regime.10 The Germans wanted to guarantee the death of as many Jews as possible while extracting some useful labor from the doomed.11 The camps were set up technically and psychologically toShow MoreRelatedThe Horror Of The Holocaust859 Words   |  4 PagesThe Holocaust was perhaps the darkest event in the twentieth century. This genocide resulted in the death of six million Jews -not counting the death of soldiers from World War II. Although many Jews died during the Holocaust, some survived and spoke about their struggles and experiences. Art Spiegelman, an American cartoonist, interviewed his father, Vladek Spiegelman, a Holocaust survivor. After collecting information from the interviews with his father, Spie gelman, created Maus, a comic book novelRead MoreThe Horrors Of The Holocaust1271 Words   |  6 PagesThe word Holocaust in ancient Greek means burnt offering, and the term has become common only in the mid-20th century, is really very clearly describes the horrors of the Holocaust. In the history of humanity, perhaps there will be no crime more brutal than the Holocaust (Shoah in Hebrew). The beginning of this huge tragedy was initiated January 30, 1933, when German Chancellor Adolf Hitler was elected. Less than two months later, on March 23rd, 1933, with the enactment of the Emergency PowersRead MoreThe Horrors Of The Holocaust1605 Words   |  7 PagesSpeculations about the grim events during the very horrific Holocaust are unfortunately being denied stating it was not as gruesome as many may have stated it was or did not even exist to begin with. This is not only outrageous but disrespectful to those who lost their lives during the gruesome time. History states that the Holocaust was a period in time where a very fascist dictator, Adolf Hitler, killed over six million European Jews who did not fit the criteria of genetically having blonde hairRead MoreThe Horrors of the Holocaust967 Words   |  4 Pagesinnocent people floating in the wind. That is what most of the people in the holocaust witnessed as they lost their loved ones and completed countless hours of la bor. They were put through unbelievable amounts of torture and pain. Who put them through all of this? Adolf Hitler. Of course you have heard of this terrible incident in our history. But, do you really know what happened and who Hitler was? The main points of the holocaust are Hitler, his hatred towards Jews, the â€Å"superior† race and how so manyRead MoreThe Horrors of the Holocaust Essay685 Words   |  3 PagesWe remember the Holocaust, a time of horror, pain, and suffering. Approximately eleven million people were exterminated, 54.5% being Jew, and 45.5% being another kind of an Undesirable. All of this disaster was planned by Nazi leader, Adolf Hitler. Him and his men took over parts of the world to dominate and create a perfect race. Someone with blue eyes, blonde hair, and fair skin. It all started when Hitlers parents pass away when Hitler was only a young boy. By then, he had already been corruptedRead MoreThe Horrors of the Jewish Holocaust690 Words   |  3 PagesNon-Jewish and fight back or go with the flow? Being non-jewish and going with the flow would be the smart choice, if survival is the goal. In that time period being Jewish was awful. Being Jewish basically meant you were an outcast. During the Holocaust it would have been better to not be Jewish and to stay out of the way, or go with the flow. Even though being Non-Jewish and not fighting back is the easiest way to go, being Non-Jewish and fighting back is the most sincere thing to do. FightingRead MoreThe Horrors of the Jewish Holocaust530 Words   |  2 Pagesescaped. They were even luckier if they were helped out of camps by other Jewish people and brought home to their families. Now just imagine if all of the Jewish people fought back. Opposing views claim that the Jewish people during the Holocaust should not have fought back; nevertheless, fighting back would have been very dangerous. Admittedly fighting back could have caused a lot more problems for the Jewish people. Because Hitler liked everything to go his way, he may have gotten reallyRead MoreThe Horrors of Killing Centers During the Holocaust829 Words   |  4 Pageswar in the minds of German leaders (World War II in Europe). The Nazis believed the Germans were racially elite and found the Jews to be inferior to the German population. The Holocaust was the discrimination and the slaughter of approximately six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its associates (Introduction to the Holocaust). The Nazis instituted killing centers, also known as â€Å"extermination camps† or â€Å"death camps,† for being able to resourcefully take part in mass murder (Killing Centers: An Overview)Read MoreThe Horror Of The Holocaust In Spiegelmans Maus : A Survivors Tale?724 Words   |  3 Pagesnovel which portrays the horror of the Holocaust through the use of animals. The mice are the narrators, representing the oppressed Jews while the cats represent the Nazis. This story is told as a first-person narrative, explaining in depth the horrors lived by Vladek, a Polish Jew reliving his tale by sharing his story with his son, Artie. Spiegelman uses this novel to tell his own life story as a Holocaust survivor. Unlike his father, he may not have lived through the horrors the Nazis have broughtRead MoreHow Night by Elie Wiesel Helped People Connect to the Horrors of the Holocaust709 Words   |  3 PagesWords, the written language, a way to express feelings, emotions, experiences, and all that your mind can recall from life or fantasy. Although many have heard of the terrors faced by the Jews in countries that were under German control during World War II, few have stepped back and really thought about the weight of what really happe ned to the people in the concentration camps. I believe Night helped people connect to what really happened. This is an actual persons life, their story, poured out

Philosophy - Are we Willing to Accept the Changes that...

Philosophy - Are we Willing to Accept the Changes that Philosophical Thinking can Bring? Philosophy is a general overview of how our society functions, by how we think and the many ways in which we act. It can also be described as the love of wisdom. As individuals we are introduced to ideas that test our knowledge of the different concepts of life, with questions such as who are we and why were we brought here? Philosophical questions have made an impact on us with thoughts that dont usually have an answer to the question which was brought forward, and to which neither side knows the answer to. For thousands of years mankind has questioned the origins of human life and the nature of the cosmos. Over the years, great philosophers such†¦show more content†¦Philosophy is life, without it we would not be able to ask the questions, which are associated with the whole concept of philosophy; such as, is there a God? Morally, we are brought up to believe that God truly exists through religion, but how can we be so sure? It has been said that philosophy does not have a right or wrong answer, but could it be that we as a society did not search hard enough for the answer? Can we use logic as a tool for answering philosophic questions? Each person comes into this world with a reason, a purpose for living. Each person with their reason, their purpose for living in some way inevitably impacts the world in which he or she lives in. Like an oxygen molecule colliding with the millions of other different molecules, which make up our atmosphere, so too did the humblest, fragile Mother Theresa who changed the lives of hundreds of poor, third world citizens across this globe. Behind our nurtured souls, it is our biological human nature to question and ponder our existence and surroundings. However, only when a catastrophe of some sort occurs, do we realize how precious life is. Or when your plan to become valedictorian somehow does not avail, do we turn to God and ask why? Rarely ever do we contemplate our achievements and give thanks to what we already possess. Living in a multicultural world, with many different people, religions, and philosophies, methods for achieving theShow MoreRelatedReligion, Philosophy, and Scientific Thinking Essay868 Words   |  4 PagesReligion, Philosophy, and Scientific Thinking During the seventeenth century, many philosophers formulated new ideas that would consequently change the beliefs of the common man. The thinkers of the Renaissance Period have the way 17th Century man to the current world. In short, the world viewed religion, philosophy, and science in a very different way by the end of the seventeenth century because of these great philosophers. In the early 1600s Blaise Pascal, originally from ClermontRead MorePhilosophy Reflection Paper2173 Words   |  9 PagesPHIL 102 Introduction to Philosophy was the first philosophy class I have ever taken. Before this class I had no idea what the study of philosophy truly was, even after this class I am still a little unclear. This class brought on a whole new way of thinking that I was not use to. This class challenged me to grasp even the simplest of concepts that we learned. So right now to say I am philosophically inclined would be false, but I think over time and more classes I could have a better understandingRead MoreSocrates and Properties Essay3228 Words   |  13 Pageshe knew the relevant definitions, he would be a moral expert who could answer philosophical questions about moral properties- questions such as is a certain action just? Or is it truly good for a man to be virtuous? 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Drug use and Addiction

Question: What positive influence can this factor have? Explain. What kind of negative impact, if any, can the factor have on drug use? Explain in detail. What kind of negative impact, if any, can the factor have on drug addiction? Explain in detail. How are factors that influence drug use different from those that influence drug addiction? Explain in detail. Answer: Drug use and Addiction Introduction The condition od addiction can be considered as such a chronic situation that results in the relapse of the brain causing compulsion with regard to seeking drugs and use of drugs despite knowing the adverse consequences. The person who is addicted generally becomes more and more engrossed and destroys himself as well as people around him or her. At the initial stage, in most of the cases the decision to take drugs is voluntary by these people (Allsop, 2008). Gradually the brain modifies and over the time it so happens that self-control of the person who is addicted is slowing hampered and he or she is no more able to resist the intensive impulses to succumb to the brains insistence to take drugs. Therefore, slowly the person continues to take drugs and the brain of that person gradually adapts itself to the overpowering rushes in dopamine by the production of less dopamine or it reduces the number of dopamine receptors that is present in the reward circuit (Breckenridge, Salter Shaw, 2012). As a result of this the impact of the dopamine takes place on the reward circuit and this reduces the ability of the drug abuser to enjoy not just the feeling of taking drugs but also all the other important events that is existing in his life that brings pleasure (Henderson, 2005). Factors relating to Drug use and Addiction There does not exist one single factor that can state the reasons why a person gets addicted to drugs. The risk that is related to the addiction of drugs is generally influenced by a number of factors. These factors are related to the society, the environment, the biology and the different stages of development (Buchanan, 2004). With the increase in the number of risk factors there increases the chances of taking drugs for the individuals that leads to addiction. Here in this study the factors that have been recognized are age, gender, sex, the mental health of the person, the economic status of the person and family bond. Among all these factors the researcher has chosen two of the most vital factors which are mental health and economic status of any individual. Mental Health When dual diagnosis has been conducted it has been observed that the issues of mental health and that of drug addiction have their own unique and different symptoms and this generally get into the manner in which to carry out different function in their lives, or to handle the difficulties in life and in relation to others (Coulthard, 2002). In most cases these disorders tend to affect each other and interact as well. For instance, if mental health is not treated, the problem with substance abuse becomes worse and when abuse increases the mental health problem also increases. Some of the common mental health problems are depression that makes a person tired and unhappy, anxiety which makes a person fearful, worried and nervous, bipolar disorder that keeps changing the mood of the person sometimes making them feel happy and sometimes sad. The other problems are ADHD (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) and Anti-social personality disorder (Gauffin, Vinnerljung, Fridell, Hesse Hjern, 2013). Hence it can be easily understood that these problems cannot be diagnosed very easily and it generally takes time to make out whether it actually is substance abuse or a mental disorder. Denial is one more element that complicates this issue. People are usually ashamed to admit the problem and this increases the risk associated with the problem. With regard to the use and addiction of drugs it can be observed that the positive effects are comparatively much lower when compared to the negative effects of mental health. However, there still exist some positive influences on mental health. Firstly, when drug addiction and mental health problems occur simultaneously, it becomes extremely difficult to identify the core problem (Cutcliffe Saadeh, 2013). When a person is suffering from any mental condition and his or her use of drug is hidden it so happens that as a result of the mental condition the persons drug abuse also comes to the forefront. Further a person who is mentally healthy is more likely to be less affected by the drugs. For instance, a person whose mental status is healthy and strong, it is very seldom that such person succumbs to drug abuse easily. A person with weak mental health on the other hand has high chances of resorting to drug abuse and addictions. Hence it can be construed that the mental status of any person is extremely crucial with regard to his or her use of drug abuse (Karriker-Jaffe, 2013). If a person can be kept mentally strong, there are chances that they would not resort to drug use. On the other hand, adverse mental health can have a lot of negative impact on the people who do drugs. For instance, mental illness sometimes leads to drug use. Sometimes people who are diagnosed with mental conditions such as overt or mild mental disorders or subclinical disorders tend to use drugs in order to apply self-medications (Livingstone Davis, 2012). For instance, patients who are suffering from schizophrenia generally try to use tobacco products as they believe that use o tobacco would reduce the symptoms and in turn improve cognition. Contrastingly, use of drugs also has an adverse effect on the mental health of a person. Psychoactive drugs affect the mental well being of the drug user. The common mental disorders that might arise as a result of the use of drugs are usually depression, ecstasy etc. Ecstasy can be considered as an amphetamine that makes a person hallucinate. The drug starts working when it makes serotonin available resulting in the causing of a sensation similar to euphoria. It should be noted that Serotonin is a chemical that is found in brain and its work is to regulate the mood. Ecstasy makes the brain produce even more amount of serotonin resulting in the happy feeling. The factors that influence drug use and the factors that influence are not always the same. In fact there exist a number of differences between the two elements. The use of drugs is usually not resulting from serious mental conditions. For instance drugs can be used for different reasons such for the sake of medication, resulting from any pressure from family or friends or after getting influenced from them etc. However, the addiction of drugs is a different scenario all together. The use of drug is itself a factor for the addiction to drugs. Mental health is one such condition that comes into play more in the case of drug addiction. Mental conditions such as depression, agony generally lead to the addiction for drugs. Hence it may be considered that mental health is a more serious factor with regard to drug use and drug addiction. Economic Status The second factor that the researcher has considered with regard to the use and addiction of drugs is the economic status of the individual. There are a number of economic and socio-economic factors that have a direct affect on the use and addition of drugs. The social and economic drivers for instance the income, education and social connectivity tends to influence the use and addiction to drugs. Hence improving these factors would have a positive effect on the behavior and outcomes of these individuals. For instance, people who fall into the lower category with regard to their income status do not have proper resources, access to nutritious food, appropriate housing, and healthy working conditions. These factors tend to have an influence over the individual and hence under most circumstances they resort to drugs as their way out of the problem. Along with these factors there are also other factors such as financial stress and working overtime. All these factors have a negative influence on the individuals. On the contrary, people who have adequate income and employment are generally not affected by the financial demands and hence are less likely to be prone to taking drugs. They are less dependent on the material requirements. It can also be stated that the degree to which they are able to control the circumstances around them tend to have an effect on their mental and physical well being. It is generally when these individuals are not able to control their economic status they resort to drugs (Langwith, 2007). When the economic status decrease the work pressure of individuals increase and this gives the individuals a chance to take drugs to reduce their work pressure. Also decrease in the economic status also increases their stress of the individuals and depression generally leads to taking drugs. Hence the use of drugs is enhanced by the increase in the work stress, lack of resources or social support or any connections to the community. The positive impacts of the economic status on the use and addiction of drugs are many. Although it is generally observed that the people who have lower economic status face more number of problems it is not always correct to state that the people with a lower economic status always are more inclined to take drugs (Espejo, 2002). People who are from a good economic status also are inclined to take drugs. Hence it is necessary that the economic status be stable enough to not influence the individuals to take drugs. One more thing needs to be noted and that is with regard to the economic status of an individual, this factor is more inclined to influence the use of drugs rather than the addiction to drugs. Hence it can be construed that the economic status of any individual generally initiates a person to use drugs. The addiction to drugs is comparatively less influenced by the economic status of the individual. Conclusion As concluding remarks it can be stated that the use and addiction for drugs is a preventable disease. Contemporary research on drug use and addiction has shown that a lot of preventive measures can be taken in order to reduce the substance or drug abuse and addiction amongst individuals (Flaherty Donato-Hunt, 2012). The preventive programs generally involve the families of the individuals, the schools and the communities and the media which is effective in decreasing the use and addiction of drugs. It is true that a number of events and cultural factors are present which have a lot of affect on the use of drugs and especially when the individuals realize that the drugs are harmful they decrease the intake. Hence from this discussion it can be stated that with the help of education and outreach individuals gradually understand the risks of drug abuse. References Allsop, S. (2008).Drug use and mental health. Melbourne: IP Communications. Breckenridge, J., Salter, M., Shaw, E. (2012). Use and abuse: understanding the intersections of childhood abuse, alcohol and drug use and mental health.Mental Health And Substance Use,5(4), 314-327. doi:10.1080/17523281.2012.703224 Buchanan, J. (2004). Tackling Problem Drug Use.Social Work In Mental Health,2(2-3), 117-138. doi:10.1300/j200v02n02_08 Coulthard, M. (2002).Tobacco, alcohol and drug use and mental health. London: TSO. Cutcliffe, J., Saadeh, B. (2013). Time to get serious? Psychiatric/mental health nurses and an evidence-informed drug policy for the USA.Mental Health And Substance Use,7(4), 473-486. doi:10.1080/17523281.2014.924550 Espejo, R. (2002).Drug abuse. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press. Flaherty, I., Donato-Hunt, C. (2012). Cultural and family contexts for help seeking among clients with cannabis, other drug and mental health issues.Mental Health And Substance Use,5(4), 328-341. doi:10.1080/17523281.2012.711768 Gauffin, K., Vinnerljung, B., Fridell, M., Hesse, M., Hjern, A. (2013). Childhood socio-economic status, school failure and drug abuse: a Swedish national cohort study.Addiction,108(8), 1441-1449. doi:10.1111/add.12169 Henderson, H. (2005).Drug abuse. New York: Facts On File. Karriker-Jaffe, K. (2013). Neighborhood socioeconomic status and substance use by U.S. adults.Drug And Alcohol Dependence,133(1), 212-221. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.04.033 Langwith, J. (2007).Drug abuse. Detroit: Greenhaven Press. Livingstone, D., Davis, A. (2012).Drug design strategies. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry [.

Term Paper Help - Tips on How to Do Term Papers For Your Class

Term Paper Help - Tips on How to Do Term Papers For Your ClassUsing the right template will help you get your term paper done faster and effectively. So here are a few tips on term paper help:First of all, start by preparing a clear-cut concept of what your term paper is going to be about. If you are writing it for school or college students, it is advisable to have a topic that is more focused on a particular class or subject. Keep it as simple as possible so that you can discuss them in a single paper.Another good idea is to make an outline of what the paper will consist of. You can start this by collecting information that relates to the topic. Then you can get ideas from other sources such as books, the internet and your own personal experience and knowledge.If you want to write a unique topic, be creative and think out of the box. When you begin with brainstorming, you will find that there are unlimited resources that will help you come up with many ideas. Also, it is also impor tant to try and make your topic interesting. If you don't like what you are writing, this will not turn out very well.Once you have a nice list of topics, you should start to write the outline. The first step is to divide the paper into chapters, or sections. Divide the sections up so that you can include more information, and so that you can focus on just one section at a time. Remember that you don't want to rush through the writing as this will not turn out well.Always try and follow good practice when you are writing your paper. Writing it by yourself takes a lot of the burden off of you and makes it easier to move on to the next step. Try and separate the content of the paper from the written partso that you can get the most benefit from it.After you have divided your paper into sections, you will then need to select the right kind of format. You can use either headers or footers depending on how you feel at the time. Footers or bulleted lists will be easy to read on a printed page and will aid in getting a great topic.Always work on your first draft as if you were doing a project for school. Do not get bogged down in the details; write the best that you can.

A Simple Analytical Essay Example

A Simple Analytical Essay ExampleAn analysis essay example is the first piece of writing to do for an English student and should provide the basis for a strong performance at the end of the semester. The key to this is clarity, and a good essay needs to show that you have thought through your argument and been able to articulate clearly what you want to say. Here are some things to consider:The composition: Writing an essay is a creative process, and one that can be challenging and exciting at the same time. In an analysis essay example, you should also consider that the important information and facts to present in your paper are less important than how you're going to explain them. Good essay examples will help to provide some clarification, and ensure that all readers understand what you are trying to communicate.The style: You should be careful about trying to stick too closely to the traditional essay format, since many college essays now use multimedia techniques. Instead, give credit to the internet, so that the essay flows naturally and with ease.The style: In the essay example, you need to create an initial statement that will set the scene. You need to be able to make a statement or foundation to build on, and then go into your supporting statements. The best way to go about this is to write the sentences you want, and let the grammar to determine whether or not you need to replace it with a word or phrase.The topic: When writing an essay, you need to choose a topic, and then choose a topic that you can get through to the end of the semester. This will be one of the main determinants of how well you do, as a result of the fact that you will only have two to three topics to write about. While it is possible to write a topic on nearly anything you can think of, it is unlikely that you will have the freedom to do this with the essay examples.The structure: The final part of the essay, where you build up to the conclusion, requires some thought and prepar ation. Writing an essay in this format requires some skill, and if you are not careful, you may fall apart at the end.The most effective analysis essay example is one that you can carefully prepare and then use to explain your work in detail. It does require you to sit down and to consider every sentence that you write, but if you do, you can make a very successful grade in the end.

New Article Reveals the Low Down on Government Essay Topics and Why You Must Take Action Today

New Article Reveals the Low Down on Government Essay Topics and Why You Must Take Action Today The Secret to Government Essay Topics You may observe that the approach is practically always the exact same. The topic has to be interesting, the topic has to be essential and finally the topic has to be informative. All you will need is the proper topic. Always start with something that you are conversant with when selecting a very good topic. Type of Government Essay Topics Facts, ultimately, will always win out against how folks are feeling at a specific moment. Some individuals live their lives based on their religion while some don't think you should factor that into decision making in regards to determining rules for everybody. One of the greatest methods to convince anybody's mind is via an emotional connection. At this time you've got lots of topics to pick from and lay down your thoughts on paper. Let's say you feel that Mexican-American relations need to be improved. Y ou're not alone if you are having difficulty selecting college essay topics! Education scholars are continuously evolving the way that they think about how we learn and what's taught. As observed before, when it regards government essay topics, the quantity of options a student has is quite vast. Ruthless Government Essay Topics Strategies Exploited What can be done in order to produce a more well-rounded curriculum for middle and higher school students. There are several persuasive essay topics to pick from to finish your high school or college assignment. During the last few years it has come to be quite popular for students to select government related topics for their writing assignments. Attempt to consider what age is great for students to date with one another. The War Against Government Essay Topics One of the serious assignments that you'll be requested to accomplish is writing a research paper. Writing about nuclear weapons is always an excellent idea. To choose which subject you're likely to discuss, it's crucial to see the complete collection of good persuasive speech topics from the specific area of study. Another reason is to observe how well students argue on various views and demonstrate understanding of the studied subject. The shortage of excellent support sources will end in a decrease grade. The next part ought to be the most important body. Nobody has ever known as the structure of American government simple! You are able to write a very simple essay on the acceptable age to vote or appropriate age to be in a position to purchase alcohol. The majority of the folks have a tendency to run away from politics and thus the politics essays also, therefore it is quite important to grab the eye of the readers till the conclusion of the essay and that would be much difficult I know. Another good idea is to receive some totally free essay examples of different sorts and on various subjects to find a general idea of the way in which a prosperous debatable paper looks. Like the essays which you've written previously, you'll need to think of a thesis statement that is the major point of your paper. The thesis gives you a guideline about how to go about with writing the essay. Pick the topic that you locate the most fascinating and conduct some preliminary research to come up with your thesis and your outline. Animals' rights are always an excellent problem to discuss, particularly with students. The Federal Government isn't equipped with any means to begin by itself. Competitiveness Traditional competitors in the business are another significant source of worry. By way of example, in states like Arizona where there's a sizable Hispanic population and so, a massive number of schools deliver bilingual education. Government Essay Topics Features In other words , a proposal essay identifies an issue and suggests a remedy to that issue. A statement form creates a speaker defend her or his point, even though the ultimate aim is to locate a consensus. One needs to investigate the many sides of the argument to be able to compose a terrific argumentative essay which allows them to make an educated position. Even in case you seek for assistance from a specialist, make sure they speak about something which will sound better while presenting your argument. Normally, these kinds of essays aren't a timed, in-class writing assignment where you're attempting to win against the clock. Moreover, in-text citations will present your awareness of the various papers formats. It is possible to also restate the ideas which you have discussed in the body paragraphs in order to make your point valid. Your thesis ought to be relevant so the write-up can use a structure that's flexible in order to fit in the shoes of the readers. You need to reveal in y our government essay that the government is an integral portion of our life and the way it affects the numerous pursuits and addresses various concerns in our life. Still, it's much better to get a freedom of choice as far as it is possible to choose the issue which interests you. There are lots of things to argue when it has to do with the law. Pick one particular thing about the U.S. Constitution including its amendments which you think ought to be changed. You may use different examples which can be found on the world wide web free of charge. It is preferable to search online because it will save yourself a plenty of time. It is impossible to generate an actual friend online. Shopping online isn't secure or secure.